Lox is a programming language designed to be implemented for educational purposes. The steps to create an interpreter for it are described in this book and my implementation is found on GitHub.
Since copy-pasting source code isn’t really stimulating the author provided each chapter with some challenges. Solutions to the challenges are not found in the book.
Bellow I want to showcase my solutions to the various problems that the author of the book proposed.
Table of contents
- Interfaces (challenge 1 from chapter 13)
- Safe access operator (challenge 3 from chapter 13)
- Warn about unused local variables (challenge 3 from chapter 11)
- Getter methods for classes (challenge 2 from chapter 12)
- Others
Interfaces (challenge 1 from chapter 13)
An interface requires its target to implement its methods (arity is checked).
Source:
class A { }
interface IA {
printfun(a, b)
}
// a quirk of Lox is that interfaces can be used only after inheriting
class B < A, IA {
printfun(a, b) {
print a + b;
}
}
var b = B();
b.printfun(3, 4);
Output:
7
Source:
class A { }
interface IA {
printfun(a, b)
}
class B < A, IA {
// violation of the interface `IA`
randomFunction(a, b) {
print a + b;
}
}
Output:
Class must contain the method printfun from interface IA
[line 7]
Safe access operator (challenge 3 from chapter 13)
This is useful when you have a variable, let’s call it a
, and you don’t know
whether it’s nil
or not. You can do a?.field
and when a
is nil
the expression evaluates to nil
.
Source:
class A { }
var a = A();
a.something = true;
print a?.something; // true
a = nil;
print a?.something; // nil
Warn about unused local variables (challenge 3 from chapter 11)
Source:
fun printOnlyB(a, b) {
print b;
}
printOnlyB(10, 20);
Output:
[line 1] Error at 'a': Unused variable 'a'.
Source:
{
// only `b` is used inside block
var a = 10;
var b = 10;
print b;
}
Output:
[line 2] Error at 'a': Unused variable 'a'.
Getter methods for classes (challenge 2 from chapter 12)
This is syntactic sugar for declaring and calling these new getter
-methods.
Source:
class Circle {
init(radius) {
this.radius = radius;
}
// `getter`-methods don't have parenthesis when declared and called.
area {
return 3.141592653 * this.radius * this.radius;
}
}
var circle = Circle(4);
print circle.area; // Prints roughly "50.2655".
Others
There are also solutions to implement static functions, anonymous functions etc.
You can find more in the branches of my repo.